Table 1 Summary of alignment of the key learning outcomes of groups in ETI theory, the kindergarten to second grade sample NGSS performance expectations, and key insights
Lower Anchor: Groups are collections of individuals that exhibit cooperative and/or collaborative behavior, such as sharing, that can result in preferential distribution of resources to group members | ||
|---|---|---|
Upper Anchor: Groups of individuals can do things that single individuals cannot. Iindividuals can benefit from participating in groups. | ||
ETI key learning outcomes | NGSS performance expectations | Key insights |
Groups are collections of individuals that interact and/or depend on each other | 1-LS1-2: Read texts and use media to determine patterns in behavior of parents and offspring that help offspring survive | • Social interactions between individuals in a group setting are part of a pattern of behavior that aides in survival (K-LS1-1; 1-LS1-2) |
There are some tasks that individuals can complete on their own, whereas there are other tasks that only groups of individuals can complete | 2-LS4-1: Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats | • The social environment is a component of an individual’s habitat (2-LS4-1) |
Being part of a group and helping others can benefit individuals and the group, thereby affecting survival | K-LS1-1. Use observations to describe patterns of what plants and animals (including humans) need to survive | • The social environment can affect an individual’s survival (2-LS4-1) |