Table 1 Examples of coding including sources, unit of analysis type and FACE subcategory
From: Evolution content in school textbooks: data from eight European countries
Example | Source (country, subject, grade, page) | Type of unit of analysis | FACE subcategory |
|---|---|---|---|
Our body is similar to and different from other people's bodies. It is similar, as we have bones, muscles, joints, skin, etc. It differs because of our height, our weight, our color | Greece, Study of the environment, grade 4, p. 104 | Paragraph | There is variation within a population (3.2) |
Antibiotics, which are substances with antimicrobial activity, over time and their reckless use have become less effective against germs. In fact, penicillin, discovered by Fleming in 1920, has little effect today. How does this relate to Natural Selection? | Greece, Biology—grade 9, p. 140 | Activity | Evolution can be directly observed (2.2) |
In some plants the seeds have a suitable construction that allows them to be carried away by the wind | Greece, Biology—grade 7, p. 31 | Image | Organisms’ features, when analysed in relation to their environment provide evidence for evolution (2.6) |
| Portugal, Study of the Environment, grade 4, p.128 | Text with Image | Similarities and/or differences among existing organisms (2.1) |
| Portugal, Study of the Environment, grade 3, p.54 | Exercise | There is variation within a population (3.2) |
At-home experiments: 1. Fill the plastic cup halfway with water. Carefully place it with your parents in the freezer. What will you see when you and your parents take it out of the freezer in the morning? | Czech Republic, Freshman 2, grade 2, p. 53 | Practical exercise | Development of scientific practices (6) |
What traits distinguish mammals from reptiles? | Czech Republic, Natural History 8, grade 8, p. 9 | Exercise | Similarities and/or differences among existing organisms (2.1) |
Cephalopods lived on Earth in very ancient times. Evidence of this are the fossils of their bodies in layers of limestone that formed at the bottom of prehistoric seas | Czech Republic, Natural History 6, grade 6, p. 61 | Text | The fossil record provides evidence for evolution (2.3) |
Dinosaur tracks (west of Portugal) | Czech Republic, Natural History 9, grade 9, p. 99 | Figure | The fossil record provides evidence for evolution (2.3) |
