Fig. 1
Phylogeny for angiosperms showing clades (indicated with an asterisk) with modified leaves. a Cartoon representation of a leaf present in the ancestor; bAmborella trichipoda, an ancient lineage showing a simple leaf pattern; cEuphorbia pulcherrima; d. Cephalotus follicularis (Denis Barthel 2005); e. Armatocereus matucanensis (Frank Vincentz 2007); f. Nepenthes campanulata; g.Sarracenia rubra (Noeah Elhardt)